Εξειδίκευση τύπου :	Άρθρο σε επιστημονικό περιοδικό
Τίτλος:	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure among European adults: Evidence from the HBM4EU aligned studies
Δημιουργός/Συγγραφέας:	Karakoltzidis, Achilleas Papaioannou, Nafsika Gabriel, Catherine Chatzimpaloglou, Anthoula Andersson, Anna-Maria Juul, Anders Halldorsson, Thorhallur I Olafsdottir, Kristin Klanova, Jana Piler, Pavel Janasik, Beata Wasowicz, Wojciech Janev-Holcer, Natasa Namorado, Sónia Rambaud, Loïc Riou, Margaux Probst-Hensch, Nicole Imboden, Medea Van Nieuwenhuyse, An Appenzeller, Brice M R Kolossa-Gehring, Marike Weber, Till Stewart, Lorraine Sepai, Ovnair Esteban-López, Marta Castaño, Argelia Gilles, Liese Govarts, Eva Rodriguez Martin, Laura Schoeters, Greet Karakitsios, Spyros [EL] Σαρηγιάννης, Δημοσθένης[EN] Sarigiannis, Dimosthenis
Ημερομηνία:	2025-04
Γλώσσα:	Αγγλικά
ISSN:	01604120
DOI:	10.1016/j.envint.2025.109383
Άλλο:	40132439
Περίληψη:	Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are persistent environmental pollutants with well-documented associations to adverse health effects, posing significant public health challenges across Europe. Human exposure to 13 urinary PAH metabolites was assessed in a harmonized cohort of European adults aged 20-39, representing diverse geographic regions across Europe: North (Iceland and Denmark), East (Poland and the Czech Republic), South (Croatia and Portugal), and West (France, Germany, Switzerland, and Luxembourg). This study aimed to achieve a unified understanding of PAH exposure by employing stringent participant selection criteria and harmonizing biomarker analyses by utilizing high-quality analytical protocols across multiple laboratories in Europe. Key findings revealed consistently elevated metabolite levels in smokers compared to non-smokers, with naphthalene metabolites dominating the profiles over phenanthrene and fluorene derivatives. Country-specific analyses highlighted Poland as having the highest naphthalene metabolite concentrations, while Luxembourg exhibited elevated pyrene metabolite levels. Urbanization influenced exposure, with slightly higher metabolite concentrations in town populations compared to rural areas. While sex-based stratification revealed no marked differences, gender emerged as a significant covariate in regression models, with women generally displaying higher exposure to naphthalene metabolites. Educational level further stratified exposure, with lower education correlating with increased PAH levels. Multivariate linear regression identified key exposure factors, including sampling season (i.e., summer, winter, autumn, and spring), dietary habits e.g., smoked foods, and proximity to smoke-prone environments. This dataset provides a significant baseline for evaluating the European Commission's Chemicals Strategy for Sustainability (CSS) and underscores the utility of harmonized human biomonitoring studies in informing targeted public health interventions.
Τίτλος πηγής δημοσίευσης:	Environment international
Τόμος/Κεφάλαιο:	198
Θεματική Κατηγορία:	[EL] Επιδημίες. Επιδημιολογία[EN] Epidemics. Epidemiology [EL] Επιστήμες περιβάλλοντος[EN] Environmental sciences
Λέξεις-Κλειδιά:	exposure assessment PAHs human biomonitoring exposure determinants
Χρηματοδότης:	European Union
EU Grant:	Horizon 2020
EU Grant identifier:	#733032
Κάτοχος πνευματικών δικαιωμάτων:	© 2025 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Όροι και προϋποθέσεις δικαιωμάτων:	This is an open access article under the CC BY license ( http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ ).
Ηλεκτρονική διεύθυνση στον εκδότη (link):	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2025.109383
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